Religion
Today
July
18-24 2004
Disney's
Depiction of Religions
Paul V.M. Flesher
As
the father of an eight-year old, I have seen lots of Disney films. In fact, the
video age has enabled me to see, over my child's shoulder, every film Disney
ever made.
I
have noticed that Disney does not shy away from depicting religion, especially
in movies set in cultures other than our European-based Christian heritage. The
film "Pocahontas," for example, features a tree spirit as Pocahontas'
spiritual source of guidance and approval. The movie "Hercules"
focuses on conflict among the Olympian gods of ancient Greece. And the film
"Mulan," set in China, not only features ancestor worship, but makes a
minor god, the dragon Mushu, into Mulan's main helper.
Whenever
I see Disney films depict religion, the religion professor in me cringes. Every
religion professor I know shudders when the topic of Disney's portrayal of
religion comes up. Although Disney's depictions of human stories often bring in
positive portrayals of religious beliefs and practice, rather than ignore
religion altogether as often happens, these portrayals are so distorted by silly
jokes, modern music, and false information that they often become insulting to
those who actually practice the religion.
So
should we just condemn Disney films as sacrilegious and argue that films should
eschew religion altogether? That's certainly no better.
How
about the purist solution, namely, that religions should be depicted in their
own social and cultural context? On the face of it, it's a good idea. But it is
completely impractical to implement, for each culture has its own ways and
conventions about how to tell a story. Even in movie-making, which is a
worldwide activity, stories made for a specific culture must fit that culture's
shared expectations. For example, in a Muslim society where strict physical
separation of the sexes is practiced, a depiction of a mere touches between a
man and a woman expresses far more erotic overtones than it does in American
society.
To
give another example, after teaching Buddhism for two weeks, I once showed a
famous Buddhist film called, "Why has Bodhi Dharma come to the East?"
Movie critics consider it to be among the best films ever made. In my class,
however, I had to stop the film in the middle and take an hour to explain what
was going on. Trapped in their Western, Christian cultural perspective, the
students struggled to follow the film's storyline. In the end, few understood
the movie well enough to correctly answer the exam questions on it.
What
Disney has done in its depiction of non-Christian religions is the only thing it
could do, namely, to present one or two elements of an unfamiliar religion
surrounded by our own familiar cultural forms. A purist approach would leave
American viewers unable to grasp what the unfamiliar religion brings to the
film. Although this produces odd disjunctions and even false pictures, they are
more understandable and fit American sensibilities better than a more accurate
depiction. After all, the films Mulan and Pocahontas are about the stories of
their central characters, not about religious difference in and of itself.
As a
teacher of religions and despite my cringing at the inaccuracies, I hope that
films such as these provide viewers an intriguing taste of a religion other than
their own, a taste which might lead them to pursue further information and
become better informed. After all, in this information age, we meet people of
different religions every day, whether in person, by phone, or online.